...Normally you are not allowed to redistribute the font or present it in editable form. Obviously that does not apply to photographs or 3d renders but may apply sometimes to 3d models and editable vectors.
There are lots of great font sites including Font Squirel, Font Spring Etc etc. Typically you will need to read the licence conditions for the particular font you are
This is correct.
You can use fonts in your stock images if you have a license to do so.
If you have a legal copy of Windows, you can use the fonts which come with it, such as Arial. But remember that these fonts are designed to look good in documents on computer monitors. They don't look so good in graphics.
If you have a legal copy of an Adobe software which includes Myriad Pro, then you have a license to use it in your stock images. But, as bhr says, you must convert it to outlines if you are doing vectors.
Fontsquirrel.com has lots of fonts which are free to use in your commercial images. So does dafont.com. Just remember to see what licenses you get, some fonts are not free for commercial use.
fonts.com myfonts.com fontspring.com veer.com all sell thousands of fonts. So does Adobe. Also check out cheapprofonts.com where fonts are $10.
As for the font faces themselves, I get a lot of use out of Minion pro for a classy book-like look. Garamond is good too. Bodoni has a 'money' look to it.
I use Helvetica for signs. There are so many thousands of good fonts it's hard to pick out a few. IMO it is worth it to spend a little money to get a good font, instead of a free one which doesn't look good and is hard to work with (although there are many good free ones). Font foundries are creatives like us and they should be paid for what they make.